Causes for Atherosclerosis
Precisely what initiates atherosclerosis is unknown. Most experts agree, however, that a genetic susceptibility and a combination of lifestyle factors accelerate the process; these include a diet high in fats and cholesterol, cigarette use, excessive stress, and lack of exercise. Poorly controlled diabetes and high blood pressure also contribute to atherosclerosis.
Arteries can be narrowed by 85 percent (or more) without producing symptoms. Nevertheless, there is still a high risk of a heart attack or stroke because clots tend to form at the site of fatty deposits. Most heart attacks are caused by a clot blocking a coronary artery (a coronary thrombosis); similarly, a cerebral thrombosis, or a clot that blocks blood flow to the brain, is the most common type of stroke.
